Nudging Motivation to Learn English Through a ChatGPT Smartphone-Based Hybrid Model

Introduction

Increasing motivation by using chatGPT in language learning have found by some Gavilán et al (2022) and Liu et al. (2023) students will be more engaged and motivated if their teachers use ChatGPT to provide them with one-on-one support. Liu et al. (2023) found that students who used ChatGPT were more invested in their studies, with many commenting how much they enjoyed interacting with the software. Incorporating ChatGPT into higher education aids in the cultivation of critical thinking Ibna Seraj et. al (2022) and problem-solving abilities. ChatGPT also provides a personalized and adaptive learning environment by providing additional learning materials and information on a certain topic.

Motivation is a key factor in students' success and persistence in the challenging process of language acquisition. Chen et al. (2023); Dhivya et al. (2023). In today's technological era, mobile phones are an important tool for communication and education. An innovative approach to the problem of maintaining language learners' motivation has emerged through the use of AI-ChatGPT combined with positive behavioral encouragement. Various internal, external, and even integrative elements contribute to motivation for language acquisition. Extrinsic motivation refers to drive originating from external sources, such as pressure or rewards. On the other hand, integral motivation is linked to an intrinsic desire to completely immerse oneself in the culture of the language speaker. This type of motivation is critical in determining whether or not a language learner will persevere and achieve success in the long run (Ebadi and Amini, 2022).

Personalised language learning is particularly feasible with the assistance of ChatGPT, an exceptionally potent and effective language model Kasneci et al. (2023). In addition to responding to inquiries and delivering immediate feedback, ChatGPT has the capability to foster discussions using natural language and generate pertinent material. The model's capacity to adjust to the specific requirements of individual learners renders it a potent instrument for constructing captivating linguistic contexts. (Liu et al., 2023). The hybrid paradigm maximises the motivation-enhancing potential of ChatGPT by combining behavioural nudges. Encouragement can be provided through a variety of means via smartphone applications, including goal-setting suggestions, positive reinforcement, periodic reminders, and progress monitoring. This form of encouragement serves to promote consistent practise, foster sustained student motivation, and deliver constructive criticism. Ansah and Baidoo-Anu (2023). It is not anticipated that the potential and benefits of ChatGPT will result in its implementation in conventional classrooms. Kasneci et al. (2023) observe that substantial opportunities exist for investigation and analysis regarding the utilisation of ChatGPT in language programmes of higher education as a result of its pervasive application. An area of investigation that shows promise is the implementation of empirical studies to examine the impacts of ChatGPT on the process of language acquisition. The value of ChatGPT can be determined by distinguishing its consumers from those who do not utilise it. Such studies could evaluate linguistic abilities including vocabulary, grammar, reading comprehension, and even fluency in speech. Evaluating the quality and coherence of the generated text, as well as detecting and mitigating potential biases or prejudices in the output, could make ChatGPT a safer and more effective tool for language learning.